Two 2021 reviews presented aspects of human immune systems: “The adaptive immune system’s challenge is to protect the host through generation and differentiation of pathogen‐specific short‐lived effector T cells, while in parallel developing long‐lived memory cells to control future encounters with the same pathogen. The system highly relies on self‐renewal of naïve and memory T … Continue reading Adaptive and innate immunity
This 2019 Dutch/German/Romanian perspective aimed for a better understanding of immune systems: “Based on molecular, immunological, and evolutionary arguments, we propose that innate immune memory is a primitive form of immune memory present in all living organisms, while adaptive immune memory is an advanced form of immune memory representing an evolutionary innovation in vertebrates. Innate … Continue reading Immune memory vs. immune adaptation
This 2015 Baylor human cell study subject was the underlying mechanisms of cellular responses to environmental stressors of cold, heat, hypoxia, and oxidation: “Because trinucleotide repeats are overrepresented in gene-regulatory proteins, stress-induced trinucleotide repeat mutagenesis may provide a path for the environment to subtly alter gene regulatory networks – with attendant changes in cell behavior – during … Continue reading Adaptations to stress encourage mutations in a DNA area that causes diseases
Continuing Part 1 with three 2024 preprint studies, starting with an investigation of neuroinflammation in high school athletes: “Axons are long fibers conducting nerve impulses from nerve cells to synaptic ends. Like electric wires, axons are insulated by the myelin sheath produced by oligodendrocytes (ODC) in the brain or Schwann cells in the periphery. The … Continue reading Maintaining your myelin, Part 2
Three papers on myelin and oligodendrocytes, starting with a 2023 review: “Myelin is the spiral ensheathment of axons by a lipid and cholesterol-rich glial cell membrane that reduces capacitance and increases resistance of the axonal membrane. Axonal myelination speeds up nerve conduction velocity as a function of axon diameter. While myelination proceeds rapidly after birth … Continue reading Maintaining your myelin, Part 1
This post emphasizes human agency in training our innate immune system. Otherwise, we are like agentless jellyfish I see almost every day on the beach, moved by tides and blown by winds, to their stranded graves. I don’t cite studies here because none have been published regarding recent developments in human innate immune responses. Researchers … Continue reading Guardians at your gates
This post explores CBC ratios of neutrophils-to-lymphocytes (NLR) and lymphocytes-to-monocytes (LMR) as healthy biomarkers. Uses of the neutrophils-to-lymphocytes ratio asserted: A normal range of NLR is between 1–2, and values higher than 3.0 and below 0.7 in adults are pathological. I saw only one study out of 151 references, reference 61 from 2017, that demonstrated … Continue reading What is the health utility of white blood cell type count ratios?
In this 2023 presentation for a professional audience, Dr. Dayan Goodenowe showed an example of what could be done (in the form of what he personally did at ages 53-54) to restore and augment brain structure and function over a 17-month period by taking plasmalogens and supporting supplements: https://drgoodenowe.com/recording-of-dr-goodenowes-presentation-from-the-peptide-world-congress-2023-is-now-available/ Follow the video along with its … Continue reading Brain restoration with plasmalogens
This 2023 human study investigated broccoli sprouts and HIIT: “In the present study we applied a program of 7 consecutive days of exercise with High intensity interval training (HIIT) and twice daily administration of a glucosinolate rich sprout drink (GRS) or a placebo drink (PLA) in a double-blinded, placebo controlled, cross-over fashion. The intent was … Continue reading Eat broccoli sprouts for your high intensity interval training
I try to stay away from papers that waste resources or detract from science. This 2023 lab study irked me by emphasizing risks of home sprouting without also pointing out the many benefits. These researchers, who obviously don’t home sprout, used the supplier I get organic broccoli seeds from as a punching bag. They consulted … Continue reading The era of following wise old men ended a long time ago
Six 2023 papers on the subject, starting with a rodent study: “One of the primary discoveries of our study is that the endothelial cell (EC) transcriptome is dynamically regulated by both aging and heterochronic parabiosis. We found that ECs, when compared with other brain cell types, exhibited one of the highest fractions of aging-related genes … Continue reading Brain endothelial cells
A 2023 porcine study expanded Part 1’s coverage to include stomach and small intestine microbiota: “Identification of individual intestinal microbes affecting phenotypes and diseases depends on statistical analyses between these two main variables. Because the phenotypes or diseases are typically well-defined, success of statistical analyses on these studies depend on precise elucidation of gut microbiome … Continue reading Measuring gut microbiota, Part 2
Two reviews of Nrf2 relationships with our two immune systems, starting with adaptive immunity: “We highlight recent findings about the influence of Keap1 and Nrf2 in development and effector functions of adaptive immune cells, T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes. We summarize Nrf2 research potential and targetability for treating immune pathologies. Immune cells have mechanisms in … Continue reading Nrf2 Week #7: Immunity
It’s been a while since I curated Nrf2 research. Read almost a dozen relevant 2023 papers last week. Let’s begin with an opinion paper by a highly qualified researcher: “The inducible transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) regulates expression of several hundred genes encoding proteins with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, drug metabolising, and other … Continue reading Nrf2 Week #1: Targeting
Here is a 2021 rodent study and relevant parts from 3 of its 26 citing papers: “A long line of evidence has established the laboratory mouse as the prime model of human aging. However, relatively little is known about detailed behavioral and functional changes that occur across their lifespan, and how this maps onto the … Continue reading What do we know about human aging from mouse models?
Surface Your Real Self 