A better method of measuring neurogenesis

June 23, 2019June 23, 2019 gettingwell4 5+ stars Premium, Epigenetics, Hippocampus, Limbic system, Memory Brain neurons, Control group, Neural plasticity, Neurodegenerative disease

One of the references cited in Linking adult neurogenesis to Alzheimer’s disease was https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-019-0375-9 “Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is abundant in neurologically healthy subjects and drops sharply in patients with Alzheimer’s disease” (not freely available). This 2019 Spanish human study used improved techniques to find: “Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN), confers an unparalleled degree of plasticity to … Continue reading A better method of measuring neurogenesis

Linking adult neurogenesis to Alzheimer’s disease

June 23, 2019May 6, 2021 gettingwell4 2-3 stars Required further work, Brain development, Cerebrum, Epigenetics, Hippocampus, Limbic system, Memory, Stress Brain neurons, Control group, DNA methylation, Embryo development, Genetic factors, Neurodegenerative disease, Prefrontal cortex

This 2019 Spanish human study compared DNA methylation, chromatin and histone modifications in the hippocampus of deceased Alzheimer’s disease patients with controls: “A significant percentage of the differentially methylated genes were related to neural development and neurogenesis. It was astounding that other biological, cellular, and molecular processes generally associated with neurodegeneration such as apoptosis, autophagy, … Continue reading Linking adult neurogenesis to Alzheimer’s disease

Sleep and adult brain neurogenesis

March 4, 2018August 12, 2019 gettingwell4 < 0 Detracted from science, Amygdala, Anterior cingulate cortex, Brain development, Cerebrum, Epigenetics, Hippocampus, Hypothalamus, Limbic system, Memory, Stress Brain neurons, DNA methylation, Neural plasticity, Neurodegenerative disease, Prefrontal cortex

This 2018 Japan/Detroit review subject was the impact of sleep and epigenetic modifications on adult dentate gyrus neurogenesis: “We discuss the functions of adult‐born DG neurons, describe the epigenetic regulation of adult DG neurogenesis, identify overlaps in how sleep and epigenetic modifications impact adult DG neurogenesis and memory consolidation.. Whereas the rate of DG neurogenesis … Continue reading Sleep and adult brain neurogenesis

Maintaining your myelin, Part 1

April 25, 2024April 27, 2024 gettingwell4 4-5 stars Advanced knowledge, Acetylcholine, Brain development, Brainstem, Cerebellum, Cerebrum, Epigenetics, Glutamate, Hypothalamus, Immune system, Limbic system, Lower brain, Memory, Neurochemicals, Stress, Thalamus Brain neurons, Control group, Corpus callosum, Critical period, Embryo development, Genetic factors, Infants, Neural plasticity, Neurodegenerative disease, Prefrontal cortex

Three papers on myelin and oligodendrocytes, starting with a 2023 review: “Myelin is the spiral ensheathment of axons by a lipid and cholesterol-rich glial cell membrane that reduces capacitance and increases resistance of the axonal membrane. Axonal myelination speeds up nerve conduction velocity as a function of axon diameter. While myelination proceeds rapidly after birth … Continue reading Maintaining your myelin, Part 1

Ergothioneine dosing

September 23, 2023March 31, 2024 gettingwell4 4-5 stars Advanced knowledge, Anterior cingulate cortex, Brainstem, Epigenetics, Hippocampus, Immune system, Limbic system, Lower brain, Memory, Stress Brain neurons, Control group, Genetic factors, Neurodegenerative disease, Prefrontal cortex

Four 2023 papers that outlined or used different ergothioneine doses, starting with a human/rodent study: “We found that cognitive function and hippocampal neurogenesis were lower in mice fed an ERGO-free diet than in those fed the control diet. Mice fed an ERGO-free diet were orally administered ERGO (0, 2, and 20 mg/kg) for two weeks … Continue reading Ergothioneine dosing

Neuritogenesis

July 30, 2023July 30, 2023 gettingwell4 4-5 stars Advanced knowledge, Acetylcholine, Amygdala, Brain development, Brainstem, Cerebellum, Cerebrum, Dopamine, Epigenetics, Glutamate, Hippocampus, Hypothalamus, Immune system, Limbic system, Lower brain, Memory, Neurochemicals, Stress, Thalamus Brain neurons, Control group, Embryo development, Genetic factors, Infants, Neural plasticity, Prefrontal cortex

Three 2023 papers on the initial stage of neuronal differentiation, starting with a rodent study of taurine’s effects: “We aimed to assess the role of taurine (TAU) in axonal sprouting against cerebral ischemic injury, clarify the function of mitochondria in TAU-induced axonal sprouting, and further determine the underlying potential molecular mechanism. We determined that TAU … Continue reading Neuritogenesis

Nrf2 Week #3: Epigenetics

May 23, 2023May 23, 2023 gettingwell4 4-5 stars Advanced knowledge, Cerebrum, Epigenetics, Hippocampus, Limbic system, Stress DNA methylation, Embryo development, Genetic factors, Neurodegenerative disease

To follow the Nrf2 Week #2 finding that chromatin accessibility parallels Nrf2 expression, this 2023 cell study explored how Nrf2 influences other epigenetic processes: “We identified antioxidant response element sequences in promoter regions of genes encoding several epigenetic regulatory factors, such as histone deacetylases (HDACs), DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), and proteins involved in microRNA biogenesis. We … Continue reading Nrf2 Week #3: Epigenetics

Lifespan Uber Correlation

January 21, 2022January 21, 2022 gettingwell4 4-5 stars Advanced knowledge, Brain development, Cerebellum, Cerebrum, Epigenetics, Immune system, Lower brain Control group, DNA methylation, Embryo development, Genetic factors, Neurodegenerative disease, Prefrontal cortex

This 2022 study developed new epigenetic clocks: “Maximum lifespan is deemed to be a stable trait in species. The rate of biological function decline (i.e., aging) would be expected to correlate inversely with maximum species lifespan. Although aging and maximum lifespan are intimately intertwined, they nevertheless appear in some investigations to be distinct processes. Some … Continue reading Lifespan Uber Correlation

Gut microbiota topics

April 2, 2021April 3, 2021 gettingwell4 2-3 stars Required further work, Epigenetics, Immune system, Memory, Stress Antidepressants, Brain neurons, Control group, Critical period, Embryo development, Genetic factors, Infants, Neural plasticity, Neurodegenerative disease

Here are thirty 2019 and 2020 papers related to Switch on your Nrf2 signaling pathway topics. Started gathering research on this particular theme three months ago. There are more researchers alive today than in the sum of all history, and they’re publishing. I can’t keep up with the torrent of interesting papers. 2020 A prebiotic … Continue reading Gut microbiota topics

Nano-sulforaphane vs. barbecue chemicals

October 28, 2020October 29, 2020 gettingwell4 4-5 stars Advanced knowledge, Brain development, Epigenetics, Stress Control group, Embryo development, Genetic factors, Neural plasticity

This 2020 chicken study investigated the capability of nano-sulforaphane to protect embryonic survival and neurogenesis from a barbecued meat chemical: “Common teratogenic [of, relating to, or causing malformations of an embryo or a fetus] factors related to the development of the nervous system, such as alcohol consumption and smoking, have attracted wide attention. Teratogenic factors … Continue reading Nano-sulforaphane vs. barbecue chemicals

Upgrade your brain’s switchboard with broccoli sprouts

June 2, 2020June 14, 2021 gettingwell4 4-5 stars Advanced knowledge, Anterior cingulate cortex, Cerebrum, Epigenetics, Glutamate, Hippocampus, Immune system, Limbic system, Lower brain, Memory, Neurochemicals, Thalamus Brain neurons, Conscious awareness, DNA methylation, Genetic factors, Levels of consciousness, Neural plasticity

Further investigating A claim of improved cognitive function, Part 3 of Rejuvenation therapy and sulforaphane offered: “Improving brain function does not depend on neurogenesis as much as it does on synapse formation and factors such as NMDA receptors which decline in density with age.” A PubMed “sulforaphane NMDA receptors” search turned up a 2019 cell … Continue reading Upgrade your brain’s switchboard with broccoli sprouts

Reevaluate findings in another paradigm

May 25, 2020March 8, 2023 gettingwell4 5+ stars Premium, Brain development, Epigenetics, Hippocampus, Hypothalamus, Immune system, Limbic system, Memory, Neurochemicals, Stress, Thalamus, Vasopressin Brain neurons, Embryo development, Genetic factors, Neural plasticity, Neurodegenerative disease, Reputations

It’s challenging for people to change their framework when their paychecks or mental state or reputations depend on it not changing. I’ll use The hypothalamus and aging as an example. This review was alright for partial fact-finding up through 2018. Its facts were limited, however, to what fit into the reviewers’ paradigm. The 2015 An … Continue reading Reevaluate findings in another paradigm

Part 3 of Rejuvenation therapy and sulforaphane

May 18, 2020January 1, 2023 gettingwell4 2-3 stars Required further work, Brain development, Cerebellum, Cerebrum, Epigenetics, Hippocampus, Hypothalamus, Limbic system, Lower brain, Memory, Stress, Telomeres Brain neurons, Control group, DNA methylation, Neural plasticity, Neurodegenerative disease, Prefrontal cortex, Reputations

Part 1 focused on the study’s clinical biomarkers. Part 2 highlighted its epigenetic clocks. Now we’ll look at rejuvenation of cognitive function. Charts for this study’s most relevant human aging applications – measured by the new human-rat relative biological age clock – were in supplementary data due to combining study untreated tissue samples into clock … Continue reading Part 3 of Rejuvenation therapy and sulforaphane

Prenatal stress heightened adult chronic pain

December 10, 2019December 1, 2020 gettingwell4 4-5 stars Advanced knowledge, Amygdala, Brain development, Cerebrum, Epigenetics, Hippocampus, Limbic system, Memory, Stress, Thalamus Brain neurons, Control group, Critical period, DNA methylation, Embryo development, Neural plasticity, Prefrontal cortex

This 2019 McGill rodent study found: “Prenatal stress exacerbates pain after injury. Analysis of mRNA expression of genes related to epigenetic regulation and stress responses in the frontal cortex and hippocampus, brain structures implicated in chronic pain, showed distinct sex and region-specific patterns of dysregulation. In general, mRNA expression was most frequently altered in the … Continue reading Prenatal stress heightened adult chronic pain

Do genes or maternal environments shape fetal brains?

October 29, 2019November 7, 2019 gettingwell4 5+ stars Premium, Amygdala, Brain development, Cortisol, Epigenetics, Hippocampus, Hypothalamus, Limbic system, Neurochemicals, Stress, Testosterone Antidepressants, Brain neurons, Critical period, DNA methylation, Embryo development, Genetic factors, Infants, Neural plasticity

This 2019 Singapore human study used Diffusion Tensor Imaging on 5-to-17-day old infants to find: “Our findings showed evidence for region-specific effects of genotype and GxE on individual differences in human fetal development of the hippocampus and amygdala. Gene x Environment models outcompeted models containing genotype or environment only, to best explain the majority of … Continue reading Do genes or maternal environments shape fetal brains?