Search Results for: histone

Epigenetic effects of THC differ between female adolescents and adults

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This 2017 Italian rodent study found: “THC [delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol, the psychoactive compound of cannabis] exposure affects histone modifications in the brain of female rats in a region- and age-specific manner. Specifically, THC acts on different targets depending on the considered brain area and, remarkably, the adolescent brain is generally more sensitive to THC than the adult … Continue reading Epigenetic effects of THC differ between female adolescents and adults

Epigenetic effects on genetic diseases

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This 2017 review provided evidence for epigenetic effects on a disease widely considered to be of genetic origins: “..for a T1D [type 1 diabetes] identical twin the concordance rate (both twins affected)..is consistently less than 100%, which implies a non-genetically determined effect. However, the concordance rate declines with age at diagnosis of the index twin, … Continue reading Epigenetic effects on genetic diseases

Lack of oxygen’s epigenetic effects

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This 2016 Finnish review’s subject was the epigenetic effects of hypoxia: “Ever since the Cambrian period, oxygen availability has been in the center of energy metabolism. Hypoxia stabilizes the expression of hypoxia-inducible transcription factor-1α (HIF-1α), which controls the expression of hundreds of survival genes related to enhanced energy metabolism and autophagy. There are several other … Continue reading Lack of oxygen’s epigenetic effects

Epigenetic contributions to hypertension

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This 2016 Australian review subject was epigenetic contributions to hypertension: “Hypertension (HT) affects more than 1 billion people globally and is a major risk factor for stroke, chronic kidney disease, and myocardial infarction. Essential hypertension (EH) is a complex, polygenic condition with no single causative agent. There is increasing evidence that epigenetic modifications are as … Continue reading Epigenetic contributions to hypertension

What is epigenetic inheritance?

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This 2016 review by Eric J. Nestler, a well-known and well-funded researcher, entitled Transgenerational Epigenetic Contributions to Stress Responses: Fact or Fiction? concluded: “Further work is needed to understand whether and to what extent true epigenetic inheritance of stress vulnerability adds to the well-established and powerful influence of genetics and environmental exposures in determining an … Continue reading What is epigenetic inheritance?

A study of how genetic factors determined diet-induced epigenetic changes

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This 2016 California rodent study found: “HF [high fat] diet leads to persistent alterations of chromatin accessibility that are partially mediated by transcription factors and histone post-translational modifications. These chromatin alterations are furthermore strain specific, indicating a genetic component to the response. These results suggest that persistent epigenetic modifications induced by HF diet have the … Continue reading A study of how genetic factors determined diet-induced epigenetic changes

The epigenetic influence of obese parents at conception

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This 2016 German rodent study found: “Using in vitro fertilization to ensure exclusive inheritance via the gametes, we show that a parental high-fat diet renders offspring more susceptible to developing obesity and diabetes in a sex- and parent of origin–specific mode.” It would have benefited the researchers to have made the full study freely available. … Continue reading The epigenetic influence of obese parents at conception

Epigenetic regulation of natural killer cells

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This 2016 German review focused on how epigenetic processes affected the natural killer cell part of the immune system: “Natural killer (NK) cells recognize and eliminate tumor- and virus-infected cells, parasites as well as certain types of bacteria. NK cell activity is related to a complex interaction of activating and inhibiting receptors on the NK … Continue reading Epigenetic regulation of natural killer cells

A review that inadvertently showed how memory paradigms prevented relevant research

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This 2016 Swiss review of enduring memories demonstrated what happens when scientists’ reputations and paychecks interfered with them recognizing new research and evidence in their area but outside their paradigm: “A framework containing the basic assumptions, ways of thinking, and methodology that are commonly accepted by members of a scientific community.” 1. Most of the … Continue reading A review that inadvertently showed how memory paradigms prevented relevant research

Epigenetic memories of stress as therapeutic targets

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This 2015 Swedish rodent study found: “Histone modifications induced by glucose are associated with activation of TXNIP gene [a proinflammatory gene involved in diabetic kidney disease] transcription. Glucose-stimulated TXNIP gene expression can be reversed by inhibition of histone acetyltransferase (HAT), or enhanced by inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC).” A 2016 Japanese commentary expounded on the … Continue reading Epigenetic memories of stress as therapeutic targets