This 2014 research came from the Dunedin Study in New Zealand that has studied a group of over 1,000 people for over 40 years now. They first came to worldwide fame by finding that the study’s participants at age 26 largely had the same personality that each did at age 3.

The current study linked the participants’ childhood cognitive abilities and self-control to their current cardiac age.

Would a US doctor have the knowledge and foresight to understand that significant factors in a middle-aged patient’s cardiac health came from their early childhood, infancy, or womb life?

http://www.pnas.org/content/111/48/17087.full “Credit scores, cardiovascular disease risk, and human capital”