Two papers investigated taurine’s integration into bile acids, starting with a review: “Bile acids (BAs) are produced from cholesterol in the liver and are termed primary BAs. Primary BAs are conjugated with glycine and taurine in the liver, and stored in the gallbladder. BAs are released from the gallbladder into the small intestine via food … Continue reading Taurine week #2: Bile acids
Two papers, starting with a 2022 abstract of an ongoing in vitro study with rodent cells: “Exercise mimetics may target and activate the same mechanisms that are upregulated with exercise administration alone. This is particularly useful under conditions where contractile activity is compromised due to muscle disuse, disease, or aging. Sulforaphane and Urolithin A represent … Continue reading Exercise substitutes?
This 2022 rodent study investigated caffeine’s effects: “A majority of molecular and neurophysiological studies explored the impact of acute rather than repeated exposure to caffeine. We show that, in bulk tissue analysis, chronic caffeine treatment reduced metabolic processes related to lipids, mitochondria, and translation in mouse hippocampus. In sharp contrast to what was observed in … Continue reading Coffee improves information’s signal-to-noise ratio
This 2022 review subject was aspects of sulforaphane regulating stress: “Sulforaphane (SFN) shows great versatility in turning on different cellular responses. This isothiocyanate acts as a master regulator of cellular homeostasis due to its antioxidant response and cytoplasmic, mitochondrial, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein modulation. SFN acts as an effective strategy to counteract oxidative stress, … Continue reading Eat broccoli sprouts for stress
This 2022 study investigated brain aging: “We aimed to explore key genes underlying cognitively normal brain aging and its potential molecular mechanisms. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of brain aging are complex and mainly include: Dysfunction of mitochondria; Accumulation of oxidatively damaged proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids in brain cells; Disorders of energy metabolism; Impaired ‘waste … Continue reading Young immune system, young brain
Prompted by a conversation in Year Two of Changing to a youthful phenotype with sprouts, here are sixteen 2022 papers published in the last 45 days involving glucosamine. There are more researchers alive today than in the sum of human history, and they are compelled to publish. Human research https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874122002860 “The efficacy and safety of … Continue reading Recent glucosamine research
Three papers on what can be expected from AGEs, beginning with a 2022 review: “Carbonyl stress is a condition characterized by an increase in the steady-state levels of reactive carbonyl species (RCS) that leads to accumulation of their irreversible covalent adducts with biological molecules. In addition to causing damage directly, the RCS adducts advanced glycation … Continue reading Advanced glycation / lipoxidation end products
This 2021 human cell study investigated sulforaphane’s gut barrier protective effects: “Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) are an important component of the epithelial barrier, which helps prevent passage of pathogens, toxins, and allergens from gastrointestinal lumen into the circulatory system. Destruction of the intestinal barrier increases intestinal permeability, destroys homeostasis of the immune system, and induces … Continue reading Broccoli sprouts and your gut barrier
I’ll highlight this 2022 review’s relationships between inflammation and cluster of differentiation 38: “We review the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) catabolizing enzyme CD38, which plays critical roles in pathogenesis of diseases related to infection, inflammation, fibrosis, metabolism, and aging. NAD is a cofactor of paramount importance for an array of cellular processes related to mitochondrial … Continue reading CD38 and balance
This densely packed 2021 review subject was taurine: “Taurine (Tau), a sulphur-containing non-proteinogenic β-amino acid, has a special place as an important natural modulator of antioxidant defence networks: Direct antioxidant effect of Tau due to scavenging free radicals is limited, and could be expected only in a few tissues (heart and eye) with comparatively high … Continue reading Defend yourself with taurine
Another excellent blog post by Josh Mitteldorf, A New Approach to Methylation Clocks, that curated the same study: “The Levine/Horvath PhenoAge epigenetic clock was calibrated using a combination of metabolic factors that correlate with health, including inflammation, DNA transcription, DNA repair, and mitochondrial activity. Evolution is not an engineer. Living things are not constructed out … Continue reading Part 2 of Improving epigenetic clocks’ signal-to-noise ratio
This 2021 rodent study traumatized female mice during their last 20% of pregnancy, with effects that included: Prenatally stressed pups raised by stressed mothers had normal cognitive function, but depressive-like behavior and social impairment; Prenatally stressed pups raised by control mothers did not reverse behavioral deficits; and Control pups raised by stressed mothers displayed prenatally … Continue reading Take acetyl-L-carnitine for early-life trauma
This 2020 cell study investigated sulforaphane and three transcription pathways: “Novel findings of this study are: AMPK controls only a subset within the Nrf2-dependent transcriptome; Altered Nrf2 levels or altered accessibility of regulatory ARE sites do not account for observed differences in target gene transcription between used wt and AMPK −/− cells; Rather, AMPK presence/activity … Continue reading Part 3 of Broccoli sprouts activate the AMPK pathway
A 2021 rodent study and a blog post with 51 references investigated fat cells: “Sulforaphane (SFN) is a potent indirect antioxidant and a promising agent for controlling metabolic disorder disease. We evaluated efficacy of SFN against high fat diet (HFD)-induced-obesity mice, and investigated potential mechanisms. SFN: Suppressed HFD-induced body weight gain; Reduced fat cell [adipocyte] … Continue reading Brown your white fat cells with broccoli sprouts
A 2021 human study investigated sulforaphane treatments of autistic 3-to-12-year-olds: “Sulforaphane (SF) led to non-statistically significant changes in the total and all subscale scores of the primary outcome measure. Several effects of SF on biomarkers correlated to clinical improvements. SF was very well tolerated and safe and effective based on our secondary clinical measures. Clinical … Continue reading Does sulforaphane treat autism?
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