Search Results for: mitochond

Little evidence for mitochondrial DNA methylation

gettingwell4 2-3 stars Needed further work, Epigenetics

This 2018 Japanese rodent study used three different techniques to detect mitochondrial DNA methylation: “Whilst 5-methylcytosine (5mC) is a major epigenetic mark in the nuclear DNA in mammals, whether or not mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) receives 5mC modification remains controversial. We used bisulfite sequencing, McrBC digestion analyses and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, which are distinctly differing … Continue reading Little evidence for mitochondrial DNA methylation

Mitochondria interface genetic/epigenetic responses to psychological stress

gettingwell4 2-3 stars Needed further work, Cortisol, Dopamine, Epigenetics, Glutamate, Hippocampus, Hypothalamus, Limbic system, Neurochemicals, Serotonin, Stress , , ,

This 2015 Pennsylvania rodent study found: “Mitochondria can regulate complex whole-body physiological responses, impacting stress perception at the cellular and organismal levels. Mitochondrial dysfunctions altered the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal [HPA] axis, sympathetic adrenal–medullary activation and catecholamine levels, the inflammatory cytokine IL-6, circulating metabolites, and hippocampal gene expression responses to stress. Stress-induced neuroendocrine, inflammatory, metabolic, and transcriptional responses … Continue reading Mitochondria interface genetic/epigenetic responses to psychological stress

Too cheap for clinical trials

gettingwell4 4-5 stars Advanced knowledge, Acetylcholine, Epigenetics, Glutamate, Hippocampus, Limbic system, Memory, Neurochemicals, Stress , , , ,

Let’s compare and contrast a 2019 meta-analysis and a 2017 review of using acetyl-L-carnitine to treat diabetic neuropathy. A 2019 Brazilian meta-analysis Acetyl‐L‐carnitine for the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy of four previous trials stated: “The risk of bias was high in both trials of different ALC doses and low in the other two trials. … Continue reading Too cheap for clinical trials

Linking adult neurogenesis to Alzheimer’s disease

gettingwell4 2-3 stars Needed further work, Brain development, Cerebrum, Epigenetics, Hippocampus, Limbic system, Memory, Stress , , , , , ,

This 2019 Spanish human study compared DNA methylation, chromatin and histone modifications in the hippocampus of deceased Alzheimer’s disease patients with controls: “A significant percentage of the differentially methylated genes were related to neural development and neurogenesis. It was astounding that other biological, cellular, and molecular processes generally associated with neurodegeneration such as apoptosis, autophagy, … Continue reading Linking adult neurogenesis to Alzheimer’s disease

Reductionism vs. reductionism

gettingwell4 4-5 stars Advanced knowledge , ,

This 2004 essay by an evolutionary biologist reviewed his field’s direction in the current century: “Science is impelled by two main factors, technological advance and a guiding vision (overview). A properly balanced relationship between the two is key to the successful development of a science. Without the proper technological advances the road ahead is blocked. … Continue reading Reductionism vs. reductionism

Epigenetic effects of breast cancer treatments

gettingwell4 2-3 stars Needed further work, Cerebrum, Epigenetics, Immune system, Memory, Stress, Telomeres , , ,

This 2018 UC San Diego review subject was the interplay between breast cancer treatments and their effects on aging: “Although current breast cancer treatments are largely successful in producing cancer remission and extending lifespan, there is concern that these treatments may have long lasting detrimental effects on cancer survivors, in part, through their impact on … Continue reading Epigenetic effects of breast cancer treatments

A seasonal epigenetic effect of conception on BMI

gettingwell4 4-5 stars Advanced knowledge, Epigenetics, Stress ,

This 2018 Swiss human/rodent study found: “The presence of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and the season of conception are linked to BMI in humans. In mice, we demonstrate that cold exposure (CE) of males, but not females, before mating results in improved systemic metabolism and protection from diet-induced obesity of the male offspring. Adipose tissue … Continue reading A seasonal epigenetic effect of conception on BMI

Transgenerational epigenetic effects of maternal obesity during pregnancy

gettingwell4 4-5 stars Advanced knowledge, Epigenetics, Stress , ,

This 2018 Belgian review subject was in part the transgenerational epigenetic effects of maternal obesity during pregnancy. The subject was tailored for the journal in which it appeared, Atherosclerosis, so other transgenerationally inherited epigenetic effects weren’t reviewed: “The transgenerational impact of these alterations in methylation patterns are only shown in animal studies with HFD [high-fat … Continue reading Transgenerational epigenetic effects of maternal obesity during pregnancy

A protein involved in fasting’s epigenetic effects

gettingwell4 4-5 stars Advanced knowledge, Epigenetics, Immune system ,

This 2018 Illinois rodent study conducted a series of experiments on a protein that’s activated by fasting: “Jumonji D3 (JMJD3) histone demethylase epigenetically regulates development and differentiation, immunity, and tumorigenesis by demethylating a gene repression histone mark, H3K27-me3. JMJD3 has what we believe to be a novel metabolic role and epigenetically regulates mitochondrial β-oxidation. Epigenetic … Continue reading A protein involved in fasting’s epigenetic effects

A dietary supplement that reversed age-related hearing problems in the brainstem

gettingwell4 4-5 stars Advanced knowledge, Beliefs, Brainstem, Cerebrum, Epigenetics, Glutamate, Lower brain, Memory, Neurochemicals , , , ,

This 2018 Nevada rodent study was on acetyl-L-carnitine’s action in the brainstem: “We examined age-related changes in the efficiency of synaptic transmission at the calyx of Held, from juvenile adults (1-month old) and late middle-age (18- to 21-month old) mice. The calyx of Held synapse has been exploited as a model for understanding excitation-secretion coupling … Continue reading A dietary supplement that reversed age-related hearing problems in the brainstem